Fat is stored in the body as triglycerides, which are made up of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule. These triglycerides are stored in adipocytes, also known as fat cells, which are primarily found in adipose tissue throughout the body.
Various hormones, including insulin, leptin, and cortisol regulate fat storage. Insulin is released in response to a rise in blood glucose levels and promotes the storage of excess glucose as fat. Leptin is produced by adipocytes and signals to the brain when fat stores are sufficient, leading to decreased appetite and increased energy expenditure. Cortisol, known as the stress hormone, can also promote fat storage, particularly in the abdominal area.
Subcutaneous and visceral fat are two types of adipose tissue, or body fat, located in different areas of the body and can have various health implications.
Subcutaneous fat is located directly beneath the skin and can be found throughout the body, including the arms, legs, and abdomen. It is the most visible type of body fat and typically accumulates in areas with less muscle mass. While excess subcutaneous fat can contribute to higher body weight and increase the risk of certain health conditions, it is generally considered less harmful than visceral fat.
Conversely, visceral fat is located deep within the abdomen and surrounds the internal organs. It cannot be seen or felt from the outside, and excessive visceral fat can increase the risk of numerous health problems.